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The Four Temperaments (ballet) : ウィキペディア英語版 | The Four Temperaments (ballet)
''The Four Temperaments'' is a ballet made by New York City Ballet co-founder and ballet master George Balanchine to music he commissioned from Paul Hindemith (the latter's eponymous 1940 music for string orchestra and piano) for the opening program of Ballet Society, immediate forerunner of City Ballet. The work is divided into five parts, a theme and four variations, which reflect the temperaments. Balanchine downplayed the references to medieval "humors" that were believed to determine a person's temperament, saying the four personality types—melancholic, sanguinic, phlegmatic, and choleric—were merely points of departure for the creation of abstract music and dance.〔Matthew Naughtin, ''Ballet Music,'' 2014, p. 236〕 The première took place on Wednesday, 20 November 1946, at the Central High School of Needle Trades, New York City, with ''mise en scène'' by Kurt Seligmann and lighting by Jean Rosenthal. Leon Barzin conducted and the pianist was Nicholas Kopeikine. The City Ballet première was held in 1951 in practice clothes and without scenery; in 1964 it received new lighting at the New York State Theater, Lincoln Center, by David Hays. NYCB principal dancer Albert Evans chose to include ''The Four Temperaments'' in his farewell performance, Sunday, June 20, 2010. The ballet can be read to be a creation story.〔 == Casts ==
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